Polygonum Cuspidatum – Hu Zhang

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[Medicinal] The rhizome and root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.etZucc., a herbaceous plant of the Polygonaceae family.
[Nature and flavor and meridians] Bitter, cold. Enter the liver, gallbladder, and lung meridians.
[Effects] Eliminate rheumatism, promote dampness and reduce jaundice, promote blood circulation and relieve menstruation, eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, and clear away heat and detoxify.
[Clinical application] 1. Used for rheumatic arthralgia
Polygonum cuspidatum can eliminate rheumatism, promote blood circulation and relieve pain. It can be used for rheumatic arthralgia and can be taken in wine or combined with Millettia reticulata, Salix oxyphylla and other medicines.
2. Used for jaundice, gallstones, stranguria and leukorrhea
Polygonum cuspidatum has the effect of promoting dampness and reducing jaundice. It is used to treat jaundice, gallstones and other symptoms. It can be used together with Artemisia capillaris, Herba Artemisiae Lucidae and the like. This product can also clear dampness and heat in the lower jiao, treat stranguria and leukorrhea, and can be used together with Radix Dipterocarpifoliae and Semen Coix.
3. Used for amenorrhea, pain from falls and other symptoms
Polygonum cuspidatum has the effect of promoting blood circulation, relieving pain from menstruation, and is suitable for symptoms of amenorrhea caused by blood stasis. It can be used together with madder root, motherwort, etc. It can be used together with angelica and safflower for injuries caused by falls and pain from blood stasis.
4. Used for cough caused by lung heat, asthma and cough caused by excessive phlegm
Polygonum cuspidatum is bitter and can reduce heat, resolve phlegm and relieve cough. It can be taken alone for cough caused by lung heat, asthma and cough caused by excessive phlegm, or it can be used together with drugs such as scutellaria baicalensis and pipa leaves.
5. Used for symptoms such as sores, swelling and pain, snake bites, and burns
This product can also clear away heat and detoxify. It can be taken orally for sores, swelling and poison, and snake bites, or it can be mashed and applied externally.
In addition, this product also has the effect of laxative laxative.
[Prescription name] Polygonum cuspidatum root, Yin Yang lotus, spotted twig, large leaf snake general (wash, dry, slice for use)
[General dosage and usage] Three to five qian, decocted. Appropriate amount for external use.
[Example of prescription] Paishi Decoction (Selected Technical Data of National Exhibition of New Chinese Herbal Medicine Treatment Methods): Polygonum cuspidatum, costus root, fructus aurantii, scutellaria baicalensis. Treats dry duct cholelithiasis.
[Literature excerpt] “Famous Doctors’ Records”: “It is used to promote menstrual flow and relieve bleeding problems.”
“Supplement to Materia Medica”: “It is used to treat wind in the joints and blood stasis. Boil the juice and make wine for drinking.”
“Southern Yunnan Materia Medica”: “It attacks all kinds of swelling and poison, treats sore throat, promotes urination, and runs through the meridians. It treats stranguria, leukorrhea, moles, carbuncle, and leukorrhea in women.”
“Record of Collecting Medicinal Herbs in Lingnan”: “It treats snake bites, abscesses, and pain.”
This product is the dried rhizome and root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc, a plant of the Polygonaceae family. It is harvested in spring and autumn, the fibrous roots are removed, washed, cut into short sections or thick slices while fresh, and dried.
【Properties】
This product is mostly short cylindrical segments or irregular thick slices, 1~7cm long, 0.5~2.5cm in diameter, with brown-brown outer skin, longitudinal wrinkles and root hairs, thinner cortex, broad wood, brown-yellow, radial rays, and easy to separate cortex and wood. There are septa or hollows in the pith of the rhizome. It is hard. Slight smell, slightly bitter and astringent.
【Identification】
(1) This product is orange-yellow in powder. There are many clusters of calcium oxalate crystals, which are large and 30~100um in diameter. The stone cells are light yellow, square or round, and some are branched. The branched stone cells are often 2~3 connected, with a diameter of 24~74um, with pits, and the cell cavity is filled with starch grains. The cork cells are polygonal or irregular in shape, and the cell cavity is filled with reddish-brown substances. The diameter of the rimmed pit vessel is 56~150um.
(2) Take 0.1g of the powder of this product, add 10ml of methanol, ultrasonically treat for 15 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 5ml of 2.5mol sulfuric acid solution to the residue, heat in a water bath for 30 minutes, cool, shake and extract with chloroform twice, 5ml each time, add chloroform solution, evaporate to dryness, add 1m of chloroform to the residue to dissolve, and use it as the test solution. Take 0.1g of Polygonum cuspidatum reference medicinal material and prepare the reference medicinal material solution in the same way. Take the rhubarb reference substance and rhubarb methyl ether reference substance, add methanol to prepare a solution containing 1mg per 1m|, and use it as the reference substance solution. According to the thin layer chromatography method (General Rule 0502), 4u1 of the test solution and the reference medicinal material solution, and 1 of the reference substance solution are taken and spotted on the same silica gel G thin layer plate, respectively. The upper layer solution of petroleum ether (30~60℃)-ethyl formate-formic acid (15:5:1) is used as the developing agent. After development, it is taken out, dried, and inspected under ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the reference medicinal material and the chromatogram of the reference substance; after being fumigated in ammonia vapor, the spots turn red.
[Inspection]
The moisture content shall not exceed 12.0% (General Rule 0832 Method 2).
The total ash content shall not exceed 5.0% (General Rule 2302).
The acid-insoluble ash content shall not exceed 1.0% (General Rule 2302).
【Extract】
Determine by cold leaching method under the alcohol-soluble extract determination method (General Rule 2201), using ethanol as solvent, not less than 9.0%.
【Content determination】
Rheum officinale Determine by high performance liquid chromatography (General Rule 0512).
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test Use octadecyl tridane bonded tridacna as filler: methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (80:20) as mobile phase: detection wavelength is 254nm. The number of theoretical plates calculated based on the rheum officinale peak should not be less than 3000.
Preparation of reference solution Take an appropriate amount of rheum officinale reference substance dried under reduced pressure for 24 hours with phosphorus pentoxide as desiccant, weigh accurately, and add methanol to make a solution containing 48ug per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution Take about 0.1g of the powder of this product (pass through No. 3 sieve), weigh accurately, accurately add 25ml of chloroform and 20ml of 2.5mol/sulfuric acid solution, weigh the weight, heat and reflux in a water bath at 80℃ for 2 hours, cool to room temperature, weigh again, make up the lost weight with chloroform, and shake well. Take chloroform solution, accurately measure 10ml, evaporate to dryness, add methanol to dissolve the residue, transfer to a 10ml volumetric flask, add methanol to dilute to the scale, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate to obtain.
Determination method Accurately aspirate 5ml of the reference solution and the test solution respectively, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine to obtain.
This product, calculated on the basis of dry product, contains not less than 0.60% of rhubarb (C15H1005).
Polydatin Operate in a dark place. According to the high performance liquid chromatography method (General Rule 0512), the chromatographic conditions and system suitability test used octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as filler; acetonitrile-water (23:77) as mobile phase; detection wavelength was 306nm. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the polydatin peak should not be less than 3000.
Preparation of reference solution Take an appropriate amount of polydatin reference substance that has been dried under reduced pressure for 24 hours with phosphorus pentoxide as a desiccant, accurately weigh it, add dilute ethanol to make a solution containing 15ug per 1ml, and obtain it.
Preparation of test solution Take about 0.1g of the powder of this product (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh it, accurately add 25ml of dilute ethanol, weigh it, heat and reflux for 30 minutes, cool to room temperature, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with dilute ethanol, shake it well, take the supernatant, filter it, and take the filtrate to obtain it. Determination method Accurately aspirate 10 ml of reference solution and test solution respectively, inject into liquid chromatograph, and determine. This product contains no less than 0.15% of polydatin (C20H2208) calculated on the basis of dry product.

Decoction pieces
[Processing]
Remove impurities, wash, moisten thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry.

[Properties]
This product is an irregular thick slice. The outer skin is brown, sometimes with longitudinal wrinkles and root marks; the cut surface is thinner, the wood is wide, brown-yellow, and the rays are radial, and the skin and wood are easier to separate; there are septa or hollows in the rhizome pith. The texture is hard. The smell is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter and astringent.

[Nature and flavor and meridians]
Slightly bitter, slightly cold. It enters the liver, gallbladder, and lung meridians.

[Functions and indications]
It can remove dampness and jaundice, clear away heat and detoxify, disperse blood stasis and relieve pain, and relieve cough and resolve phlegm. Tianyu heat jaundice, stranguria, leucorrhea, wind pain, carbuncle, burns, amenorrhea, emaciation, trauma, lung heat cough. [Usage and dosage] 9~15g. Appropriate amount for external use, made into decoction or ointment for application. [Note] Pregnant women should use with caution. [Storage] Store in a dry place to prevent mold and moth. Where is the main origin of Polygonum cuspidatum? Mainly produced in East China and Southwest China. Where is the main medicinal part of Polygonum cuspidatum? Medicinal parts of Polygonum cuspidatum: This product is the dried rhizome and root of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc. of Polygonaceae. Characteristics of the medicinal parts of Polygonum cuspidatum: This product is mostly cylindrical short segments or irregular thick slices, 1~7cm long and 0.5~2.5cm in diameter. The outer skin is brown with longitudinal wrinkles and root hairs. The cut surface is thinner in the skin, and the wood is wide, brown-yellow, with radial rays. The skin and wood are easy to separate. There are septa or hollows in the rhizome. The texture is hard. The smell is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter and astringent.
How are Polygonum cuspidatum recorded in ancient books?
“Famous Doctors’ Records”: “It is mainly used to promote menstrual flow and break the blood retention knot.
“Medical Properties of Materia Medica”: “It treats high fever and irritability, quenches thirst, promotes urination, and suppresses all heat toxins.
“Compendium of Materia Medica”: “It is mainly used for wind in the joints and blood stasis, boil the juice and make wine to drink.
“Southern Yunnan Materia Medica”: “It attacks all kinds of swelling and poison, stops throat pain, promotes urination, and runs through the meridians. It treats five types of stranguria, hemorrhoids, sores, and leucorrhea in women.
“Lingnan Collection of Medicinal Herbs”: “Treats snake bites, impetigo, and pain relief.
“Guizhou Folk Prescriptions and Medicines”: “Astringent and hemostatic, treats hemorrhoids, removes rheumatism, releases cold, disperses blood stasis, and treats burns with external use.
Effects and Functions
Polygonum cuspidatum has the functions of promoting dampness and relieving jaundice, clearing away heat and detoxifying, dispersing blood stasis and relieving pain, and relieving cough and phlegm.
What are the main effects and clinical applications of Polygonum cuspidatum?
Polygonum cuspidatum is used for damp-heat jaundice, stranguria, leucorrhea, rheumatic pain, carbuncle, scald, amenorrhea, scars, trauma, and lung heat cough.
Damp-heat syndrome
For the treatment of damp-heat jaundice, this product can be used alone for decoction, or used together with honeysuckle, coptis, dandelion, etc.
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For the treatment of damp-heat accumulation in the lower part of the body, painful urination, stranguria and leucorrhea, it can be used alone, or used together with Phellodendron, Plantago, Radix Trichosanthis.
Carbuncle, sore, burns, snake bites
· For heat and toxic sores, fresh products can be mashed and applied externally, or used together with forsythia, violet yedoensis, dandelion, etc.
For burns, it can be ground into powder alone, mixed with water and applied, or used together with phellodendron and borneol. .
· For snake bites, fresh products are mashed and applied to the affected area.
Blood stasis syndrome
· For blood stasis amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, it is often used together with Chuanxiong tumor scar, safflower, motherwort, etc.
For accumulation of symptoms, it is often used together with Achyranthes bidentata, Trigonosciadium japonicum, Curcuma zedoaria, etc. .
For traumatic injury, swelling and pain, it is often used together with frankincense, myrrh, natural copper, etc. .
Lung heat cough
It can be decocted alone, or used together with Fritillaria thunbergii, Scutellaria baicalensis, loquat leaves, etc.
Heat-induced constipation
It can be used alone, or used together with radish seeds.
What other effects does Polygonum cuspidatum have?
The commonly used medicinal recipes for Polygonum cuspidatum are as follows:
Treatment of abdominal accumulation, bloating and thundering, heaviness of limbs, menstrual obstruction, and also treatment of male diseases: Cut two hu of Polygonum cuspidatum root from highland into small pieces, add two shi and five dou of water, boil and take one and a half dou, remove the dregs, filter and make it clean, take five liters of good wine and fry until it is like dough. Take one cup each time, and take it as a measure. If you don’t know, add more. Treatment of swollen hands and feet due to poison attack, pain that is about to break: Polygonum cuspidatum root, file, boil, and soak the feet with appropriate cold and warm. Treatment of various sores: Polygonum cuspidatum root, burn ash and apply.
Treatment of amenorrhea, fatigue, abdomen as big as a jar, shortness of breath and dying: 100 jin of Polygonum cuspidatum root (remove the head and soil, dry and cut), and two dou of juice from Tugua root and Achyranthes bidentata. Cut the above three ingredients into small pieces, soak the root of Polygonum cuspidatum in one hu of water overnight, and boil two dou of water the next day. Add the juice of radix ophiopogonis and Achyranthes bidentata, stir and mix well, and boil until it becomes dough. Take one dou of water with wine, twice a day and once at night. The old blood will be discharged immediately. If the disease is cured, stop taking it.
For treating women’s menstrual disorders, abdominal and flank discomfort, back and shoulder pain: 3 liang of Polygonum cuspidatum, 1 liang of Campsis creeper, and 1 liang of Myrrh. Pound the above medicines into powder. Take one qian of hot wine at any time.
What are the compound preparations containing Polygonum cuspidatum?
Shuanghu Qinggan Granule
Clears heat and dampness, resolves phlegm and relieves fullness, and regulates qi and activates blood circulation. It is used for epigastric distension, dry mouth and loss of appetite, nausea and aversion to oil, poor appetite, dull pain in the ribs, abdominal distension, sticky or foul stool, or yellow body and eyes, dark tongue with red edges, thick or greasy tongue coating, and stringy and slippery pulse or stringy and rapid pulse caused by internal damp-heat; patients with chronic hepatitis B with the above symptoms.
Burning Spirit Tincture
Clears heat and dampness, detoxifies and reduces swelling, astringes and relieves pain. It is used for first- and first-degree burns caused by various reasons.
Huganning Tablets
Clears heat, promotes dampness and reduces jaundice, soothes the liver, removes blood stasis and relieves pain, and reduces alanine aminotransferase. It is used for epigastric distension and pain, bitter mouth, jaundice, chest tightness, and poor appetite caused by damp-heat blocking the middle and blood stasis blocking the collaterals; patients with acute and chronic hepatitis with the above symptoms.
Tiger Stick Powder
Indications: blood stagnation, bone marrow pain, and no time of attack.
Modern research progress on Polygonum cuspidatum
This product has the effects of anti-liver damage, improving microcirculation, lowering blood lipids, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, expectorant, antitussive and antiasthmatic, hemostasis, laxative, analgesic, anti-oxidant, anti-pathogenic microorganisms, and anti-tumor.
The most frequently asked questions by patients
The efficacy and role of Polygonum cuspidatum leaf capsule
Polygonum cuspidatum leaf capsule is composed of Polygonum cuspidatum leaves. It has the effect of calming the liver and suppressing yang. It is used for dizziness caused by hyperactivity of liver yang, with symptoms such as dizziness, dizziness, headache, and hypertension belonging to the above symptoms.
The efficacy and role of compound amino-sensitive Polygonum cuspidatum capsule
Compound amino-sensitive Polygonum cuspidatum capsule is an antipyretic and analgesic drug, and its components are acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine maleate, dried Senecio radix paste, and dried Polygonum cuspidatum paste. It is used for headache, fever, nasal congestion, runny nose, cough and other symptoms caused by colds.
The efficacy and role of Polygonum cuspidatum soaked in wine
Polygonum cuspidatum is a diuretic and dampness-infiltrating medicine. Using it to soak in wine can play the role of dampness and jaundice, clearing heat and detoxification, dispersing pain, and relieving cough and reducing phlegm. Used for damp-heat jaundice, stranguria, leucorrhea, rheumatic pain, carbuncle, burns, amenorrhea, scars, trauma, lung heat cough.
Can Polygonum cuspidatum lower blood pressure?
Polygonum cuspidatum can lower blood pressure. Polygonum cuspidatum has the functions of removing dampness and jaundice, clearing heat and detoxifying, dispersing pain, relieving cough and reducing phlegm. Polygonum cuspidatum decoction has the functions of lowering blood pressure, slowing heart rate, strengthening myocardial contractility, protecting the heart, inhibiting platelet aggregation, improving blood rheology, improving microcirculation, increasing white blood cells and platelets, and resisting shock.
Usage method
Polygonum cuspidatum has the functions of removing dampness and jaundice, clearing heat and detoxifying, dispersing blood stasis and relieving pain, relieving cough and reducing phlegm. . Generally, Polygonum cuspidatum slices are used, which can be taken orally or externally. Please follow the doctor’s advice for specific medication.
How to use Polygonum cuspidatum correctly?
When taking Polygonum cuspidatum decoction orally, the common dosage is 9~159.
When used externally, take an appropriate amount of Polygonum cuspidatum and make it into a decoction or ointment for application.
Polygonum cuspidatum is usually used in decoctions, decocted and taken, or made into powder or pills. However, the use of Chinese medicinal materials must be based on syndrome differentiation and treatment, and should be used under the guidance of professional Chinese medicine practitioners. Do not use them at will, and do not listen to Chinese medicine prescriptions and advertisements at will.
How to prepare Polygonum cuspidatum?
Remove the fibrous roots and tail tips, wash and slice, and dry them.
What drugs should be used with special attention when using Polygonum cuspidatum at the same time?
The combined use of Chinese medicine and the combined use of Chinese and Western medicines require syndrome differentiation and treatment, and clinical individualized treatment.
If you are using other drugs, please consult a doctor before taking the medicine, and inform the doctor of all your diagnosed diseases and treatment plans you are receiving.
Medication Instructions
Polygonum cuspidatum is bitter and cold, and it can invigorate blood circulation, which hinders fetal qi, so pregnant women should use it with caution.
What precautions should be taken when using Polygonum cuspidatum?
· Pregnant women should use it with caution.
· This product has a slight smell, and tastes slightly bitter and astringent. The cut surface is yellow. Use it raw.
During the medication period, be careful not to eat cold, raw and cold foods, and avoid spicy and greasy foods.
Children: Children must use the medicine under the guidance of a doctor and under the supervision of an adult.
Please keep the medicine properly and do not give the medicine you use to others.